"the course of Western Civilization"

东方社会最接近左派的国家观,可东方社会有惨绝人寰的改朝换代周期律。 (中英文版)

可东方社会有惨绝人寰的改朝换代周期律。

《西方文明的历程》《购买本书》第三部.美国革命第二章.上帝山巅之城中艰难的宪政实践第十三节.美国左派思想家疯狂的国家观

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美国左派思想家疯狂的国家观(中英文版)

1.左派的国家观本质上是不存在上帝的,无神论的,理性的国家观,可理性有严重缺陷,历史上这样的国家没有存在过。

2.人性贪婪堕落,没有信仰的国家怎么能够长存?失去上帝,美国同样必然产生暴政。

3.东方社会最接近左派的国家观,可东方社会有惨绝人寰的改朝换代周期律。

在这些基础上我们再来具体讨论一下,与柏拉图等人理性、普遍的国家观,最为接近的东方世俗社会,为什么一直处于改朝换代的轮回中?由于没有信仰或者信仰淡薄的社会,东方世俗社会的世俗政权,就是由纯粹贪婪、堕落的人所组成,由于没有了宗教制约,所以也任由世俗政权的贪婪堕落恣意蔓延,道德很快就彻底堕落,最后崩溃、动乱、战争,社会很难持久。这些都证明了理性、普遍的国家理论是有问题的,当然这是一个庞大的课题,由于篇幅我们这里只能简略说一下,具体原因有下面几条:其一,在东方世俗社会里,教会逐渐萎缩弱化,最终都沦为国家的工具,可有可无,不存在坚定的宗教信仰,在历朝历代的前期,由于打下江山的开国元勋仍在,还知道前朝的弊端陋习,道德一般还是健康清明的,但是随着社会的发展,由于没有教会、信仰的制约,在每个王朝的中晚期,无不形成一个小人横行、指鹿为马、黑白颠倒的,道德沦丧的社会,这样的社会必然崩亡。其二,由于教会的萎缩弱化,可有可无,所有的权力都归于世俗政权,它可以为所欲为,完全无视任何的道德、信仰,这种社会最后必然形成警察国家,以暴力执行自己的意志。在东方世俗社会二千年的历史中,任何一个王朝的军队、警察、监狱都是无比强大的,这样的国家可以无视任何民意,完全以自己的意志行事。这也是我作为一个东方人,并不觉得《1984》有多经典的原因所在,因为东方二千年的王权专制社会,其实就是更经典的警察社会,是一只非常典型的利维坦怪兽,在这样的社会里,国家已经沦为一只将所有人吞噬的怪兽,包括官僚集团自己,包括所有的皇亲贵族在内。这种社会发展下去只能官逼民反,于是爆发农民起义,东方世俗社会历朝历代的农民起义、改朝换代是极其惨烈的,几乎所有的前朝贵族都被灭族,也就是吞噬别人的同时也把自己吞噬,最后整个社会同归于尽。其三,最后这种警察国家也不可能长久,因为警察国家中必然有权力的争夺,而且必然造成内乱纷争,最后国家使陷入动荡中,兄弟阋墙、军阀混战都是东方世俗社会的常态,它们实质上就是警察国家内部对权力的争夺。其四,而且人类以理性替代上帝,有一个致命的缺点,就是每个人都想以自己的理性替代上帝,那么到底是以哪个人的理性为标准?这就是东方世俗社会的纷争不断的另一原因,这也是这种社会不能持久的一个主要原因——思想上异常混乱。人类历史上有无数的哲学思潮,有无数的哲学家、理想家,所以导致以世俗哲学家为导师的社会必然陷于混乱之中,如德国在第一次世界大战前的混乱景象,某某主义,青年某某主义,黑格尔国家主义,尼采的超人等等,每个哲学思潮都有相应的政治人物在追求,德国政坛也就混乱不堪、动荡不安。法国至今仍在各种哲学思潮的漩涡中折腾,一会儿是极左的红色海洋,一会儿是极右的民族主义,一会儿女权主义,一会儿我存在、故在,于是各种性放纵、同性恋、滥交、乱伦都是合理的,谁也不知道现在的法国社会是在干什么。其五,也是最为致命的,也是我们在第一章中重点论述过的,由于没有宗教信仰制约,这种世俗社会鼓励贪婪堕落、好逸恶劳的人性,鼓励人上人的虚荣,鼓励官大一级压死人,鼓励投机钻营,这些必然造成官僚机构无比庞大,而且是无止境的扩散庞大,而为了供养这些机构必然是重税、重赋,整个社会最终无法承受,最后必然导致经济危机,灾民、难民遍地,整个社会随之崩溃进入大动乱、大动荡中。

人类总是自大骄傲,从来没有认真地以史为镜,知点兴衰,总是以为自己可以超越历史,于是人类总是陷于轮回动荡中不能自拔。人类历史上世俗国家无数的惨痛教训,都不足以使人们略微反思一下,仍然固执地追求着,以人类理性为基础的理想国,一些乌托邦。当代的美国左派思想家就是这样的人,这些左派思想家无论怎样变换概念、闪烁其词,在他们身上我们可以看到,还是柏拉图、亚里士多德、黑格尔等人的思想,也是东方二千多来世俗社会的影子,追求一个无神的世俗社会。在基督教社会世俗化过程中,这些美国左派思想家推波助澜、落井下石,从来没有认真审视人类历史,以一种盲目的自信,彻底推翻了基督教社会原有的,两头蛇式政教分离的国家结构,将精神之剑完全废弃,将教会完全排斥于政治之外,重拾柏拉图等世俗哲学家被无数次证明失败的思想,追求根本就不可能存在的理想国,追求一个善、理性、正义的国家。而且变本加厉,他们以一种柏拉图等人都没有的狂妄构筑社会,柏拉图他们虽然以善、理性构筑国家,但是具体内容上还是颇为现实的。柏拉图认为城邦需要三种职能,也就是生产者、护卫者与统治者这三个等级才能完美存在。亚里士多德也认为,人类可以根据实际情况在君主政体、贵族政体、民主政体中选择最适合自己的方式。黑格尔崇尚君主立宪,认为君主立宪对于零碎的德国而言,最为现实可行。而这些美国左派思想家以一种前所未有的执着,追求普遍、抽象的概念,以为普遍、抽象的事物必然是永恒、绝对的,可想而知,他们也将国家理论置于这种疯狂追求之下。他们构想的国家理论同样是一种普遍、抽象的概念,他们不仅如柏拉图等人一般认为的国家是善、理性的体现,是人类最完美、最善、最高存在形式,而且在具体内容上,他们认为国家是一种纯粹的民主政体,是超越宗教信仰的,而且必须体现出以理性为基础的普遍人权、普遍平等、普遍宗教自由。于是他们追求人权,甚至一些恐怖分子的人权,他们追求绝对平等,甚至提高同性恋、变性人这些少数群体的权利,用来打压大多数人的权利,他们认为这样才是真正的平等。他们追求绝对的宗教自由,他们仇恨基督教高于国家的影响力,甚至通过抬高邪教来压制基督教,他们认为这才是真正的宗教自由。他们彻底将人类社会拖进疯狂与错乱中,他们的努力也终有一天将美国拖进动乱、战争,我们能制止他们吗?
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On this basis, let’s discuss in detail why the eastern secular society, which is closest to Plato’s rational and universal country, has been in the cycle of changing dynasties? Because there is no faith or weak faith in the society, the secular regime of the eastern secular society is composed of purely greedy and depraved people. Without the restriction of religion, the greed and corruption of the secular regime flow out arbitrarily. And morality soon completely degenerated, and society was hard to sustain, finally collapsing, turmoil, and war. All these prove that the rational and universal theory of the state is problematic. Of course, this is a vast subject. Due to limited space, we can only briefly talk about it. The specific reasons are as follows: first, in the eastern secular society, the church gradually shrank and weakened, eventually becoming a tool of the state and dispensable. Although there were no firm religious beliefs in each dynasty’s early days, the founders of the dynasty were still alive. They also knew the abuses and cruelty of the previous dynasties; the morality was generally healthy and clear. Because there was no restriction through church and faith, there were more and more rampant villains in the development of society. In the middle and late stages of each dynasty, The society was filled with plenty of villains calling white black, calling a stag a horse. The community’s morality had decayed, and such a society would inevitably collapse and perish. Second, due to the shrinking and weakening of the church, all power belonged to the secular government. It could do whatever it wanted, completely ignoring any morals and beliefs. This kind of society would inevitably go into a police state and use violence to enforce its own will. In the 2,000-year history of eastern secular society, any dynasty’s army, police, and prison were highly formidable. Such a country could ignore any public opinion and act by its own will. It is also the reason why I, as an Oriental, don’t think “1984” is so classic because the 2,000-year autocratic monarchy society in the East is a more classic police society, a typical Leviathan monster. In such a society, the country had become a monster that swallowed everyone, including the bureaucratic group itself, including all royal relatives and nobles.

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The development of this kind of society could only force the people to revolt, so many peasant uprisings broke out. In the Oriental secular society, the peasant uprising and the change of dynasties were extremely tragic. Almost all the nobles of the former dynasty were exterminated; that is to say, they devoured others and themselves, and finally, the whole society died together. Third, the last kind of police state cannot last long because the police state will inevitably have internal power struggles, leading to civil strife. Finally, the state will fall into turmoil; brother against brother and warlord’s war are the norms of eastern secular society, which is a fight for power within the police state essentially. Fourth, there is a fatal flaw in the replacement of God by human reason; that is, everyone wants to replace God with his own reason. Then whose reason is the standard? This is another reason for the constant disputes in eastern secular society. It is also the main reason why this kind of society can not last forever – -the ideological confusion. There are countless philosophical trends in human history, countless thinkers, philosophers, and idealists, so a society with secular philosophers as mentors will inevitably fall into chaos. Such as the confusion of Germany that emerged before the First World War, philosophical trends like Marxism, Hegelian Nationalism, Nietzsche’s Superman, etc. Every philosophical trend had a corresponding political figure pursuing it, and the German political arena was also chaotic and turbulent. France is still tossing in the whirlpool of various philosophical trends. One was the extreme left of the red ocean, another was the extreme right of nationalism, another was feminism, and the other was existentialism. All kinds of sexual indulgence, homosexuality, promiscuity, and Incest were reasonable; no one knew what the current French society was doing. Fifth, it is also the most deadly, and it is what we focused on in the first chapter. Human nature loves leisure and hates labor. Suppose there is no restriction by religious faiths. In that case, this secular society encourages greed and depravity, encourages the vanity of humans, promotes the official rank superior to crush the inferior, and prompts speculation. All these will inevitably lead to an extremely large bureaucracy and an endless proliferation of bureaucrats. To support these institutions will inevitably impose and levy heavy taxes. The whole society will eventually be unable to bear it. In the end, it will inevitably slip into an economic crisis, with victims and refugees everywhere. The whole society will collapse and slide into great turmoil and turbulence.

Humans are always arrogant and proud, never seriously take history as a mirror to know the rise and fall, and always think that they can transcend history, so humans are always trapped in the unceasing turmoils and can not extricate themselves. The countless tough lessons of secular countries in human history are not enough to make people reflect a little and a bit, still, stubbornly pursue the ideal state and utopias based on human reason. Contemporary American leftist thinkers are such people. No matter how these leftist thinkers change concepts and mince words. We can see that they are the same as the thought of Plato, Aristotle, Hegel, etc., and are also the ghost of the eastern secular society for more than 2000 years, pursuing a secular society without God. In the secularizing of the Christian society, these leftist thinkers in the United States added fuel to the flame, put insult to injury, and never seriously examined human history. With blind confidence, they completely overthrew the original Christian society’s two-headed snake-like state structure, the separation of state and religion. They have completely abandoned the spiritual sword, excluded the church from politics, and returned to Plato and other secular philosophers’ ideas that have failed countless times. They pursue an ideal state that cannot exist. And even worse, They build a society with an arrogance that Plato and others do not have. Although Plato and others conceived the country with goodness and rationality, the specific content was still quite realistic. Plato believed that city-states need three levels of functions, that is, producer, guardian, and ruler. According to the actual situation, Aristotle also believed humans could choose the most suitable method among the monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy. Hegel advocated constitutional monarchy and believed that constitutional monarchy was the most realistic and feasible for fragmented Germany. And these American leftist thinkers pursue universal and abstract concepts with unprecedented persistence and think that universality and abstraction must be eternal and absolute. It is conceivable that they should place the theory of the state under this crazy pursuit. The theory of the state they conceived is also a universal and abstract concept. Not only do they think that the state is the expression of goodness and rationality, the most perfect, good, and highest form of human existence, as the thought of Platos and others’. And in the specific content, they also think that the state is a pure democracy, transcending religious belief.Moreover, the state must embody universal human rights, universal equality, and universal religious freedom based on rationality. So they pursue human rights, even the human rights of some terrorists, seek absolute equality, and even boost the rights of minorities, such as homosexuals and transgender people, to suppress the rights of most people. They believe that this is true equality. They go after absolute religious freedom. They hate the influence of Christianity over the state and even suppress Christianity by raising the cult. They believe that this is true religious freedom. They have completely dragged human society into madness and chaos, and their efforts will eventually drag the United States into turmoil and war. Can we stop them?

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未经允许不得转载:the course of Western Civilization » 东方社会最接近左派的国家观,可东方社会有惨绝人寰的改朝换代周期律。 (中英文版)

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